Being the first line of immunological defense, macrophages therefore represent an important step during interaction with infectious agents. While responding to their tissue microenvironment or exogenous antigenic challenge, macrophages may secrete several immunoregulatory cytokines or metabolites. Macrophages then initiate the 'acquired' immune response in their capacity as antigen processing and presenting cells. Upon migration to various tissues, monocytes mature and differentiate into tissue macrophages. These cells arise in the bone marrow and subsequently enter the blood circulation as blood monocytes. Being mobile scavenger cells, macrophages participate in innate immunity by serving as phagocytic cells.
Monocytes- macrophages, cells belonging to the mononuclear phagocytic system, are considered as the first line of immunological defense. Avian macrophage: effector functions in health and disease.
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